Machines and processes are controlled using many strategies, from simple ladder logic to custom algorithms for specialized process control, but proportional-integral-derivative (PID) is the most ...

PID loops are a central component of modulating boiler control systems with applications ranging from basic steam header pressure control to cascading 3-element drum level control. A modern ...

How to read Bode plots to assess dynamic control behavior of a power-supply design. Observing Bode plots from an example voltage regulator to observe control-loop speed and stability. This article ...

For the PDF version of this article, click here. More than 80% of the motors bought each year continue to be low-cost single-phase ac motors. Because these motors are not very efficient when ...

The course is focused on current-mode control techniques, which are very frequently applied in practical realizations of switched-mode. Upon completion of the course, you will be able to understand, ...

It would be a masterpiece of understatement to suggest that control loop compensation holds much significance in power converter design. This is true in part because of increasing demand for ...

Plant engineers and technicians are frequently asked to tune the controller when a control loop’s process value has prolonged or significant excursions from the set point. But in many instances, no ...

Loop analysis of analog and mixed-signal discontinuous systems, such as PLLs, delta-sigma converters, switched-capacitor filters, PWM amplifiers, and switch-mode power supplies, presents a unique ...