This repository provides a solution to the standard Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (CVRPTW). In a CVRPTW, we aim to optimize the routes of a fleet of vehicles serving customers ...

Abstract: An open-circuit voltage (OCV) model, which represents OCV as a function of state of charge (SOC), is essential for estimating the state of a battery. Typically, the OCV-SOC characteristic is ...

Abstract: Fractional programming (FP) is a branch of mathematical optimization that deals with the optimization of ratios. It is an invaluable tool for signal processing and machine learning, because ...

January 13, 2026 • A historian of modern China, Jung Chang turns the lens back on herself in her newest book to understand how she sees the world and why she writes about China today.