Heat treatment originated in the Bronze Age and was developed further for processing iron (blacksmithing) around 800 BC, reaching a first peak with the production of Damascus steel at the start of the ...

A new collection of procedures is developed for the analysis of two-sample, ranked-set samples, providing an alternative to the Bohn—Wolfe procedure. These procedures split the data based on the ranks ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Representative sampling and random sampling ...

The proteins that make up our cells hold within an entire world of information, which, when unlocked, can give us insights into the origins of many essential biological phenomena. This information is ...

One of the best indications of performance in the furnace is the quality of ash coming out of a power plant’s boiler. Ideally, all of the carbon is completely burned in the furnace before the products ...

Single-cell proteomics provides information about a cell at its protein level, which can prove useful for anticancer drug resistance and cell differentiation research. However, current proteomics ...

Many antineoplastics are designed to target upregulated genes, but quantifying upregulation in a single patient sample requires an appropriate set of samples for comparison. In cancer, the most ...

XRF sample preparation is a precise method of preparing analytes for elemental analysis. For example, organic samples being analyzed by XRF must be uniformly homogenized through the use of hydraulic ...

Mg isotope compositions of some typical geological standard samples measured by the DS method and the SSB method in different laboratories. The sample-standard-bracketing (SSB) method and double-spike ...