As a newly proposed optimization algorithm based on the social hierarchy and hunting behavior of gray wolves, grey wolf algorithm (GWO) has gradually become a popular method for solving the ...

The Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA) has unique advantages as an important branch of population-based algorithms. However, it emerges more disadvantages gradually, such as traps to local optima, ...

Algorithms give computers step-by-step instructions to complete tasks accurately.Good algorithms improve software speed, ...