Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) offer a promising avenue for renewable energy production by harnessing the metabolic activities of microorganisms to convert chemical energy from organic matter into ...

Africa's energy trilemma requires solutions that are sufficient, affordable, and sustainable amidst growing demand. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) convert organic waste into clean energy, promising rural ...

The discharge of organic effluents—biodegradable waste materials from plants and animals—into freshwater bodies is a significant environmental concern, affecting the health and sustainability of these ...