Scales are number lines which can be straight or circular. The number line is split into intervals with divisions marked. You will see scales on measuring jugs, car speedometers, oven dials and many ...

Measuring phase noise with a spectrum analyzer. The primary advantage of dedicated phase-noise analyzers. The cross-correlation method. Using a spectrum analyzer is the oldest, most straightforward, ...

ISA recently published the third edition of Calibration Handbook of Measuring Instruments by Alessandro Brunelli. In this Q&A feature, Brunelli highlights the focus, importance, and differentiating ...

A measurement or observed value is discussed as the sum of two components-one the absolute value of the characteristic measured and the other an error of measurement ...

Measurement of signals close to the your measuring instrument’s noise floor is always difficult. For many years the best Op Amps have had input noise floors of right around 1 nV/√Hz. This makes any ...