The introduction of probability into the fundamental nature of the quantum world by Bohr, Born and Schrödinger in the 1920s famously perplexed some scholars of science's philosophical foundations. But ...

"Yes or no: was there once life on Mars?" I can't say. "What about intelligent life?"' That seems most unlikely, but again, I can't really say. The simple yes-or-no framework has no place for shadings ...

Julia Kagan is a financial/consumer journalist and former senior editor, personal finance, of Investopedia. David Kindness is a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) and an expert in the fields of ...