Heart rate (HR) is an important and dynamic vital sign that is influenced by numerous inputs 4, and resting heart rate (RHR) is recognized as a biomarker and prognostic factor for overall mortality ...

Driver drowsiness is a critical issue in transportation systems and a leading cause of traffic accidents. Common factors contributing to accidents include intoxicated driving, fatigue, and sleep ...

Heart rate is one of the most basic and important indicators of health, providing a snapshot into a person's physical activity, stress and anxiety, hydration level, and more. Traditionally, measuring ...